Articles | Volume 10, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-10-745-2018
© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-10-745-2018
© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Review article
| 
16 Apr 2018
Review article |
| 16 Apr 2018
| 16 Apr 2018
Ecological landscape elements: long-term monitoring in Great Britain, the Countryside Survey 1978–2007 and beyond
Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Bailrigg, Lancaster, LA1 4AP, UK
Robert G. H. Bunce
Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreuzwaldi 5, 51014 Tartu, Estonia
Lisa R. Norton
Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Bailrigg, Lancaster, LA1 4AP, UK
Lindsay C. Maskell
Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Bailrigg, Lancaster, LA1 4AP, UK
Simon M. Smart
Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Bailrigg, Lancaster, LA1 4AP, UK
W. Andrew Scott
Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Bailrigg, Lancaster, LA1 4AP, UK
Peter A. Henrys
Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Bailrigg, Lancaster, LA1 4AP, UK
David C. Howard
Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Bailrigg, Lancaster, LA1 4AP, UK
Simon M. Wright
Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Bailrigg, Lancaster, LA1 4AP, UK
Michael J. Brown
Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Bailrigg, Lancaster, LA1 4AP, UK
Rod J. Scott
Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Bailrigg, Lancaster, LA1 4AP, UK
Rick C. Stuart
Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Bailrigg, Lancaster, LA1 4AP, UK
John W. Watkins
Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Bailrigg, Lancaster, LA1 4AP, UK
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The UK Land Cover Map 2021 (LCM2021) is a UK-wide land cover data set, with 21- and 10-class versions. It is intended to support a broad range of UK environmental research, including ecological and hydrological research. LCM2021 was produced by classifying Sentinel-2 satellite imagery. LCM2021 is distributed as a suite of products to facilitate easy use for a range of applications. To support research at different spatial scales it includes 10 m, 25 m and 1 km resolution products.
Claire M. Wood, Jamie Alison, Marc S. Botham, Annette Burden, François Edwards, R. Angus Garbutt, Paul B. L. George, Peter A. Henrys, Russel Hobson, Susan Jarvis, Patrick Keenan, Aidan M. Keith, Inma Lebron, Lindsay C. Maskell, Lisa R. Norton, David A. Robinson, Fiona M. Seaton, Peter Scarlett, Gavin M. Siriwardena, James Skates, Simon M. Smart, Bronwen Williams, and Bridget A. Emmett
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The Glastir Monitoring and Evaluation Programme (GMEP) ran from 2013 until 2016, as a national programme of ecological study in Wales. GMEP included a large field survey component, collecting data on a range of elements including vegetation, land cover and land use, soils, freshwater, birds, and insect pollinators. GMEP was designed so that surveys could be repeated at regular intervals to monitor the Welsh environment. Data from GMEP have been used to address many applied policy questions.
Claire M. Wood, Robert G. H. Bunce, Lisa R. Norton, Simon M. Smart, and Colin J. Barr
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In the 1990s, ecological survey work was carried out in English landscapes containing semi-natural habitats that were perceived to be under threat, or which represented areas of concern ("key habitats"), complementing the national Countryside Survey of Great Britain. The landscapes were lowland heath, chalk and limestone grasslands, coasts and uplands. Standardised procedures were used to record ecological data from representative 1 km squares throughout England in 1992 and 1993.
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The Countryside Survey (CS) of Great Britain consists of an extensive set of repeated ecological measurements at a national scale, covering a time span of 29 years. CS was first undertaken in 1978 to monitor ecological and land use change in Britain using standardised procedures for recording ecological data from representative 1 km squares throughout the country. The vegetation component has subsequently been repeated in 1990, 1998 and 2007, and changes may be related to a range of drivers.
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A survey of the natural environment was undertaken in Shetland in 1974, after concern was expressed that large-scale development from the new oil industry could threaten the natural features of the islands. A framework was constructed by the Institute of Terrestrial Ecology on which to select samples for the survey. The vegetation and habitat data that were collected, along with the sampling framework, have recently been made public.
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This paper describes a pan-European climate service data product intended for ecological researchers. Access to regional climate scenario data will save ecologists time, and, for many, it will allow them to work with data resources that they will not previously have used due to a lack of knowledge and skills to access them. Providing easy access to climate scenario data in this way enhances long-term ecological research, for example in general regional climate change or impact assessments.
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In the 1990s, ecological survey work was carried out in English landscapes containing semi-natural habitats that were perceived to be under threat, or which represented areas of concern ("key habitats"), complementing the national Countryside Survey of Great Britain. The landscapes were lowland heath, chalk and limestone grasslands, coasts and uplands. Standardised procedures were used to record ecological data from representative 1 km squares throughout England in 1992 and 1993.
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The Countryside Survey (CS) of Great Britain consists of an extensive set of repeated ecological measurements at a national scale, covering a time span of 29 years. CS was first undertaken in 1978 to monitor ecological and land use change in Britain using standardised procedures for recording ecological data from representative 1 km squares throughout the country. The vegetation component has subsequently been repeated in 1990, 1998 and 2007, and changes may be related to a range of drivers.
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Claire M. Wood and Robert G. H. Bunce
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The Woodland Survey of Great Britain is a unique data set, consisting of a detailed range of ecological measurements at a national scale, covering a time span of 30 years. A set of 103 semi-natural woods spread across Britain were first surveyed in 1971, which were again surveyed in 2000-2003. Standardised methods of describing the trees, shrubs, ground flora, soils and general habitats present were used for both sets of surveys.
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Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 10, 1457–1471, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-10-1457-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-10-1457-2018, 2018
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Claire M. Wood, Robert G. H. Bunce, Lisa R. Norton, Simon M. Smart, and Colin J. Barr
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In the 1990s, ecological survey work was carried out in English landscapes containing semi-natural habitats that were perceived to be under threat, or which represented areas of concern ("key habitats"), complementing the national Countryside Survey of Great Britain. The landscapes were lowland heath, chalk and limestone grasslands, coasts and uplands. Standardised procedures were used to record ecological data from representative 1 km squares throughout England in 1992 and 1993.
Bingrui Jia and Guangsheng Zhou
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Dahurian larch (Larix gmelinii) is the dominant species in northeast China, which is situated in the southernmost part of the global boreal forest and is undergoing great climate change. Its growth characteristics (tree height, diameter at breast height, tree volume and/or stand volume) were collected from published studies from 1965 to 2015. The data set (N=743) provides a quantitative reference for plantation management practices and boreal forest growth prediction under future climate change.
Dieter Piepenburg, Alexander Buschmann, Amelie Driemel, Hannes Grobe, Julian Gutt, Stefanie Schumacher, Alexandra Segelken-Voigt, and Rainer Sieger
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An ocean floor observation system (OFOS) was used to collect seabed imagery on two cruises of the RV Polarstern, ANT-XXIX/3 (PS81) to the Antarctic Peninsula from January to March 2013 and ANT-XXXI/2 (PS96) to the Weddell Sea from December 2015 to February 2016. We report on the image and data collections gathered during these cruises. Seabed images, including metadata, are available from the data publisher PANGAEA via https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872719 (PS81) and https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.862097 (PS96).
Claire M. Wood, Simon M. Smart, Robert G. H. Bunce, Lisa R. Norton, Lindsay C. Maskell, David C. Howard, W. Andrew Scott, and Peter A. Henrys
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 9, 445–459, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-9-445-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-9-445-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
The Countryside Survey (CS) of Great Britain consists of an extensive set of repeated ecological measurements at a national scale, covering a time span of 29 years. CS was first undertaken in 1978 to monitor ecological and land use change in Britain using standardised procedures for recording ecological data from representative 1 km squares throughout the country. The vegetation component has subsequently been repeated in 1990, 1998 and 2007, and changes may be related to a range of drivers.
Teja A. Wibawa, Patrick Lehodey, and Inna Senina
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 9, 163–179, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-9-163-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-9-163-2017, 2017
Short summary
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Geo-referenced catch and fishing effort data of the bigeye tuna fisheries in the Indian Ocean over 1952–2014 were analyzed and standardized to facilitate population dynamics modeling studies. A total of 30 fisheries were finally determined from longline, purse seine and other-gears data sets. Nevertheless, still one-third of total nominal catch is not included due to a total lack of geo-referenced information and would need to be processed separately.
Claire M. Wood and Robert G. H. Bunce
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 8, 177–189, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-8-177-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-8-177-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
In 1971, an ecological survey of the native pinewoods of Scotland was carried out. This unique habitat is widely recognised, not only by ecologists for its inherent biodiversity but also by the general public for its cultural and amenity value. The repeatable survey collected information on ground flora, soils, forest structure and general site information from 27 major pinewood sites. The results from the survey helped to set the conservation agenda for the old Caledonian pinewoods.
Claire M. Wood and Robert G. H. Bunce
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 8, 89–103, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-8-89-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-8-89-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
A survey of the natural environment was undertaken in Shetland in 1974, after concern was expressed that large-scale development from the new oil industry could threaten the natural features of the islands. A framework was constructed by the Institute of Terrestrial Ecology on which to select samples for the survey. The vegetation and habitat data that were collected, along with the sampling framework, have recently been made public.
C. M. Wood, S. M. Smart, and R. G. H. Bunce
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 7, 203–214, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-7-203-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-7-203-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
The Woodland Survey of Great Britain is a unique data set, consisting of a detailed range of ecological measurements at a national scale, covering a time span of 30 years. A set of 103 semi-natural woods spread across Britain were first surveyed in 1971, which were again surveyed in 2000-2003. Standardised methods of describing the trees, shrubs, ground flora, soils and general habitats present were used for both sets of surveys.
Cited articles
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Barr, C.: Countryside Survey 1984 field handbook, Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, Grange-over-Sands, 1984.
Barr, C.: Countryside Survey 1990 field handbook, Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, Grange-over-Sands, 1990.
Barr, C. and Gillespie, M.: Estimating hedgerow length and pattern characteristics in Great Britain using Countryside Survey data, J. Environ. Manage., 60, 23–32, https://doi.org/10.1006/jema.2000.0359, 2000.
Barr, C., Howard, D., Bunce, B., Gillespie, M., and Hallam, C.: Changes in hedgerows in Britain between 1984 and 1990. Contract report to the Department Of The Environment, Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, Grange-over-Sands, 1991.
Barr, C. J.: Countryside Survey 2000 Field Handbook, Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, Grange-over-Sands, 1998.
Barr, C. J. and Parr, T. W.: Hedgerows: Linking Ecological Research and Countryside Policy, in: Hedgerow Management and Nature Conservation, edited by: Watt, T. A. and Buckley, G. P., Wye College Press, University of London, 1994.
Barr, C. J. and Wood, C. M.: The Sampling Strategy for Countryside Survey (up to 2007). Revised and Updated from: “The Sampling Strategy for Countryside Survey”, C. J. Barr, September 1998. DETR CONTRACT No. CR0212, Lancaster, 2011.
Barr, C. J., Brown, M. J., Bunce, R. G. H., Carey, P. D., Chandler, K., Clarke, R. T., Crowe, A., Gillespie, M. K., Hallam, C. J., Howard, D. C., Maskell, L. C., Ness, M. J., Norton, L. R., Scott, R. J., Scott, W. A., Smart, S. M., Stuart, R. C., Watkins, J. W., Wood, C. M., and Wright, S. M.: Countryside Survey estimates of Broad Habitat area change in Great Britain between 1990, 1998 and 2007, NERC Environmental Information Data Centre, Lancaster, UK, https://doi.org/10.5285/7e2981e7-bd4c-4992-b7b0-1b1253bfd20d, 2014a.
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Short summary
The Countryside Survey (CS) of Great Britain consists of an extensive set of repeated ecological measurements at a national scale, covering a time span of 29 years. CS was first undertaken in 1978 to monitor ecological and land use change in Britain using standardised procedures for recording ecological data from representative 1 km squares throughout the country. The mapping of ecological landscape elements has subsequently been repeated in 1984, 1990, 1998 and 2007.
The Countryside Survey (CS) of Great Britain consists of an extensive set of repeated ecological...
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